The other day I saw a Tweet by @kikilitalien during #assnchat and was really interested in the question, "if ‘lurkers’ make up 60-90% of your online community, should you try to engage with them?” That may not be the exact way that the question was phrased, but I think that you get the picture.

* image courtesy of iwacu.wordpress.com
The majority of your members are not participating, so what can you do to get them involved? Or better yet, do you do anything to encourage their involvement?
#1 – You will likely never have 100% participation, please understand that.
#2 – While lurkers may not participate online, they likely have conversations with others around what they have learned from lurking in your community. That’s still engagement, even while not specifically online and within your community. They are simply taking the conversation off-line.
#3 – The reasons as to why people do not get involved and engage within an online community are endless. From not wanting to be “tracked,” to keeping their information private, to the uncertainty of how people will react to what they say, everyone has their own reasoning. In saying that, you can not look at each reason individually and try to resolve their problems in an individual manner.
The main focus and question that you need to ask yourself is “How can I improve 'participants' experience through the information that they provide to us?”
Personalization is a key aspect to any online community, or to any successful web presence. If you can encourage your members to register and log in, you can then provide a custom and tailored experience to each individual member. Once your members recognize this, they will feel more compelled to log in, as they understand the benefits.
#4 – How do you define engagement? If someone registers on your site and you email them a newsletter; they then click on a link within the newsletter and are brought to your website with information around a specific topic, do you consider that engagement? After all, they did click on a link.

* image courtesy of masternewmedia.org
Engagement and Social Media mean a lot of things to a lot of people, but the key is to make sure that you start with the appropriate definitions to ensure that everyone is on the same page when it comes to measurement.
When I was at eBay we took a couple of steps to try and convert “lurkers” into active participants. We created individual threads of conversations that were directed to them, inviting them to join. We also created individual discussion boards that were “friendlier” than others and the community knew about these areas.
The individual threads were a great start, as once a “newbie” came in and posted, other more experienced members would welcome them with open arms, and once other lurkers saw this interaction, they felt more comfortable participating and interacting, because their “uncertain feelings” of how others would greet them disappeared. The fear of the unknown is a huge barrier of entry, but if you can remove that, you can activate some, but you will not activate all.
Thoughts? What tips and trick do you have?